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Citigroup's P/B ratio topped one for the first time in seven years, SpaceX may IPO at a $1T valuation, half of PE firms are relying on secondaries for liquidity, regulators relaxed post-2008 leveraged lending rules, and Wells Fargo is leading one of the largest-ever M&A bridge financings for Netflix-WBD as it muscles in on IB rivals.

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Let's dive in.

Before The Bell

As of 12/5/2025 market close.

Learn more about the Litquidity portfolios and subscribe to the strategies on Autopilot.*

Markets

  • US stocks rose on Friday on optimistic inflation data and consumer sentiment 

    • S&P gained for a fourth-straight day

    • VIX index is near YTD lows

  • US Treasuries had their worst week since April

    • MOVE index is at its lowest since early-2021

  • Canada 5Y yield jumped to its highest since August as strong jobs data triggered rate hike bets

  • Canadian dollar rose by the most since May 

  • Korean won is near a 16-year low

    • Won is Asia's worst performer in Q4 as officials blame retail traders' US stock buying for the FX slide

Earnings

  • Victoria's Secret issued a Q3 beat-and-raise as its turnaround strategy gains traction amid a move away from promotions and resilient US consumer demand (BBG)

  • What we're watching this week:  

    • Tuesday: Campbell's, GameStop, Cracker Barrel

    • Wednesday: Oracle, Adobe

    • Thursday: Broadcom, Costco, lululemon

  • Full calendar here

Prediction Markets

  • SpaceX is reportedly planning to IPO in H2 2026

  • Trade your prediction on their IPO timeline and performance on Polymarket

Headline Roundup

  • Fed-favorite PCE index rose 2.8% YoY (CNBC)

  • US consumer sentiment rose for the first time in five months (BBG)

  • Japan GDP fell 2.3% YoY in Q3 (BBG)

  • Global M&A volume topped $3.3T on track for its best year since 2021 (BBG)

  • Half of PE firms are relying on secondaries amid liquidity challenges (P&I)

  • Trump warned Netflix-WBD deal may pose antitrust 'problem' (BBG)

  • Netflix CEO Ted Sarandos personally lobbied Trump before WBD bid (BBG)

  • Netflix's $5.8B breakup fee for WBD is the largest ever (BBG)

  • Wells Fargo jumped to No. 4 in M&A league tables on Netflix-WBD deal (BBG)

  • Citigroup is worth sum of its parts for the first time in seven years (BBG)

  • Lawsuit highlights PE's secondaries conflict (AX)

  • EQT seeks to quell LP concerns over new fee strategy (BBG)

  • OpenAI goes from stock market savior to burden as AI risks mount (BBG)

  • Orlando Bravo says private market FOMO over AI will lead to mistakes (BBG)

  • Wall Street races to cut risk from AI debt (BBG)

  • Stock funds are up 13% YTD (WSJ)

  • Millennium and Jane Street anchor Hong Kong IPOs as market booms (BBG)

  • US regulators relax post-2008 leveraged lending rules for banks (RT)

  • Europe CEOs are downbeat on Europe and favor US investment (RT)

  • Europe continues with Big Tech crackdown in defiance of Trump (RT)

  • Korea regulators blame retail traders for won slide to 16-year low (BBG)

  • MSCI launched an index combining global stocks and PE (FT)

  • Sequoia doesn't want a 'king' to run its $9B hedge fund (WSJ)

  • Gold ETF inflows continue to break records (BBG)

  • Invesco fell short of votes to flip QQQ into an ETF (BBG)

  • Carvana joined S&P 500 in rebalancing (BBG)

  • UBS may cut another 10k jobs (RT)

  • SCOTUS will hear high-stakes birthright citizenship case (BBG)

  • Lando Norris won the 2025 F1 Drivers Championship (ESPN)

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Deal Flow

M&A / Investments

  • Netflix will acquire Warner Bros. Discovery in an $82.7B cash and stock deal, including debt, at a 13% premium despite Paramount Skydance offering $2.4B more equity

  • Indian pharma firm Biocon agreed to buy out minority shareholders Serum Institute Life Sciences, Tata Capital Growth Fund, and Activ Pine in its biosimilars unit Biocon Biologics in a cash-and-stock deal at a $5.5B valuation

  • Industrial components manufacturer ITT agreed to acquire industrial equipment manufacturer SPX Flow from Lone Star Industrial components manufacturer ITT agreed to acquire heavy equipment manufacturer SPX Flow from PE firm Lone Star in a $48B cash-and-stock deal

  • UK lenders Barclays, NatWest, Lloyds and Canadian lender RBC are in talks to acquire UK wealth manager Evelyn Partners from PE firms Permira and Warburg Pincus; the firm was valued at $3.3B in July

  • Brookfield and Singapore's SWF GIC agreed to acquire Australia's National Storage REIT for $2.7B for a 26% premium

  • SoftBank is in talks to acquire $2.6B-listed data center investment firm DigitalBridge

  • EQT, PAI Partners, and Stone Point were shortlisted in the bidding for Castik Capital-backed German insurance brokerage Global Group in a deal that could fetch $2.3B

  • PE firm Advent's talks to acquire US home appliance giant Whirlpool's India unit for ~$1B collapsed over valuation concerns

  • UK utility group Telecom Plus is in talks to acquire the retail energy business of UK energy supplier Ovo in a $534M deal

  • India's National Investment and Infrastructure Fund is considering selling its 51% stake in power and gas digital solutions provider IntelliSmart Infrastructure at a $500M valuation

  • Alcoholic giant Anheuser-Busch agreed to acquire an 85% stake in beverage maker BeatBox for $490M

  • KKR will invest in portfolio assets of Brookfield-backed Compass Datacenters

  • Italian state-backed postal firm Poste Italiane is weighing a sale of its broadband unit to fund its stake in Telecom Italia

  • Z Capital is considering combining its casino operator Affinity Interactive with portfolio companies such as cookie chain Mrs. Fields, Apex Hospitality, or Mexican restaurant operator Xperience Restaurant Group to woo creditors 

  • Greek media firm Antenna is in talks to acquire the editorial assets of Italian media group Gedi Gruppo Editoriale

  • Singapore-state owned development company Sembcorp is in talks to acquire Australian utility Alinta Energy

  • KKR is in talks to acquire a majority stake in sports PE firm Arctos Partners

  • Meta acquired AI-wearables startup Limitless

  • Brazilian delivery service iFood is seeking to acquire Ticket, the local unit of French employee benefits company Edenred

VC

  • Musk's SpaceX is in talks to sell secondary shares at an $800B valuation

  • Cristiano Ronaldo invested in AI search startup Perplexity in his most high-profile investment to date

  • Castelion, a hypersonic weapons manufacturer, raised a $350M Series B led by Altimeter Capital and Lightspeed Venture Partners 

  • ICEYE, a European defense-focused SAR micro-satellite operator, raised a $233M Series E at a $2.8B valuation led by General Catalyst

  • Legal AI startup Harvey raised a $160M Series F at an $8B valuation led by a16z

  • Blockchain bank N3XT raised $72M across three funding rounds from Paradigm, HACK VC, Winklevoss Capital, and others

  • Digital Asset, a blockchain infrastructure provider, raised a $50M strategic round from BNY Mellon, iCapital, Nasdaq, and S&P Global

  • Electrification intelligence startup Modo Energy raised a $33M Series B led by Molten Ventures   

Get real-time updates on any startup, VC, or sector with Fundable.

IPO / Direct Listings / Issuances / Block Trades

  • SpaceX plans to IPO in H2 2026; the firm is in talks for an $800B valuation

  • Warner Bros. Discovery will spinoff cable networks CNN and TNT into a separate company Discovery Global before concluding the sale of its studio and HBO streaming assets to Netflix

  • Indian asset management JV ICICI Prudential Asset Management is seeking to raise $1.2B at a $12B valuation in its India IPO this week

  • Crypto treasury underwriter Clear Street plans to IPO at a $10B-$12B valuation

  • Kunlunxin, the AI chip unit of Chinese tech giant Baidu, is planning a Hong Kong IPO; the unit was recently valued at $3B

  • Moore Threads, a Chinese chipmaker founded by an ex-Nvidia exec, surged 425% in its debut after raising $1.1B in China's second-biggest IPO this year

  • Bain Capital-backed sustainable fuel producer EcoCeres is considering a Hong Kong IPO over London that could raise $500M-$1B

  • Activist hedge fund HoldCo Asset Management took a $140M stake in $20B-listed regional bank KeyCorp and is pushing to oust its CEO

  • Algeria is seeking to IPO three more companies next year including IT company Ayrade, INSAG Education Group, and a pharma lab

Debt

  • Netflix secured a $59B bridge loan from Wells Fargo, BNP Paribas, and HSBC to support its $72B acquisition of Warner Bros. Discovery; Wells Fargo's $29.5B portion is the biggest-ever investment grade bridge facility by a single bank

  • Argentina plans to sell a local law bond in dollars after receiving $7B in offers

  • South Africa raised $3.5B in a dollar-bond sale

  • Banks including Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley raised the yield on a $1.25B junk bond offering for healthcare services firm Sevita Whole Health to 11% after struggling to offload the debt

  • PIMCO is in advanced talk to buy a Spanish mortgage portfolio worth $525M from CaixaBank

  • Ukrainian agricultural firm MHP is gauging investor interest for what could be Ukraine's first corporate bond sale since the 2022 Russia invasion

Bankruptcy / Restructuring / Distressed

  • Auto parts supplier First Brands' bankruptcy hit a snag as customers struggle to identify who should receive their payments; $3.3B of debt second to DIP was quoted at 20¢ while their first-lien term loan was quoted at just 5¢ 

  • Struggling Chinese developer Vanke proposed delaying repayment of another local bond

  • Canadian gas producer Canacol Energy is looking to negotiate a short-term loan from creditors as it works to restructure debt amid a cash crunch

  • American Airlines filed a notice of appearance in Spirit's bankruptcy proceedings and requested to receive all notices and papers served moving forward

  • Telecoms giant Altice International asked secured creditors for a copy of their cooperation agreement before any restructuring talks

  • Ethiopia plans to conclude its debt restructuring process by mid-2026

Fundraising / Secondaries

  • UK infrastructure investor Igneo is seeking to raise $4.7B for its fourth European MM infrastructure fund

  • Igneo raised $6.1B for its third European MM infrastructure fund

  • Allianz Global Investors, the investment arm of financial services giant Allianz, raised $1.4B for its second credit secondaries fund 

  • MM PE firm Truelink Capital is seeking to raise $1.5B for its second fund

  • Lulu Cheng Meservey, a well-known PR advisor to tech startups, raised a $40M VC fund 

  • Hedge fund giant Millennium and subsidiary WorldQuant are considering setting up a hedge fund that would allow clients regular access to their money

  • PE firm Energy & Minerals Group halted its $800M continuation fund transfer of gas driller Ascent Resources after SWF Mubadala sued alleging conflicts of interest and undervaluation

Crypto Sum Snapshot

  • BlackRock's Bitcoin ETF posted its longest streak of weekly outflows since debuting in January 2024

  • Bitcoin is on track for its first yearly split from stocks since 2014

  • Shares of 'crypto treasury' firms are down 43% YTD

Crypto Sum compiles the most important stories on everything crypto. Read it here.

Exec’s Picks

  • Has AI reduced the workload in M&A – or just moved it around? Read UpSlide's 'The AI Paradox in M&A' report to discover the truth from M&A professionals across the US and UK.

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